Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Article Title: The GPR17 Receptor—A Promising Goal for Therapy and a Potential Marker of the Neurodegenerative Process in Multiple Sclerosis
doi: 10.3390/ijms21051852
Figure Lengend Snippet: The role of GPR17 receptors as a specific marker of CNS damage. In the early stage of CNS tissue injury (within 24 h), an increased level of GPR17 is observed in damaged neurons and there is considerable growth in the mortality of GPR17+ neurons ( 1 ). Once 48 h have passed since axonal damage, GPR17 receptors are not located on injured neurons, but only at the limit of the nerve tissue damage due to exposition on the surface of infiltrating macrophages (activated microglial cells) ( 2 ) Once 72 h have passed since damage, a proliferation of OPCs (GPR17+) is observed. Expression of GPR17 on the surface of OPCs blocks their differentiation and maturation into myelinating OLGs. Myelination is possible after losing the GPR17 receptors by OLGs ( 3 ). One week after brain injury, the GPR17 level again enhances in the area of damage and is associated with the resumed massive infiltration of macrophage cells that previously resided on the edge of the damage site ( 4 ). Abbreviations: anti-MBP, anti-major basic protein; GPR17, G-protein coupled receptor 17; OPCs, oligodendrocyte precursor cells; OLGs, oligodendrocytes; ROS, reactive oxygen species.
Article Snippet: Therefore, GPR17 receptors may be recognized as the potential goal in creating innovative therapies for the treatment of the neurodegenerative process in MS, based on the acceleration of the remyelination processes.
Techniques: Marker, Expressing
